Abstract

This article addresses the imperative need for a comprehensive approach that combines environmental management practices (EMPs) with Industry 4.0 technologies to transition from environmental management (EM) to environmental management 4.0 (EM 4.0). While previous research has predominantly focused on the impact of Industry 4.0 technologies on environmental management systems (EMSs), there remains a significant research gap in the transition process itself. To bridge this gap, this study makes several significant contributions: (1) Identification and Integration of EMPs: The article identifies fifteen key EMPs and demonstrates their integration into each phase of the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle. (2) Transition Steps and Aspects: The research outlines the essential steps and aspects involved in transitioning from traditional EM to EM 4.0, providing a comprehensive understanding of the transformation process. (3) EM 4.0 Framework: The article introduces and conceptualizes an EM 4.0 framework that infuses Industry 4.0 technologies and principles into every phase of the PDCA cycle. Noteworthy is the introduction of a dedicated fifth phase into this framework that concentrates on accountability.