Policy Fit or Event Drift? Evaluating Biennale Policy Congruence in Korea’s Local Cultural Strategy: Institutional Isomorphism, Eventization, and the Policy Design Coherence of Cultural Mega-Events

Abstract

This study examines the policy design congruence of Korea’s biennales with national and regional strategies for cultural decentralization and depopulation response. Since the 1990s, biennales have proliferated across Korean cities as symbols of global visibility and local development. Yet their increasing standardization—what this study terms event drift—raises questions about whether such eventized formats align with policy goals of residency, education, and local capacity building. Using an original panel dataset of eight biennales (2010–2024), the study constructs an Isomorphism Index (ISO) to capture structural standardization and a Policy Congruence Index (PCI-Design) to assess design-level alignment with policy objectives. A two-way fixed-effects framework with stratified weighting, jackknife, and bootstrap procedures is applied to test whether higher ISO scores correspond to lower PCI-Design values, controlling for funding composition, ordinance status, and urban scale. Preliminary analyses suggest a negative trend consistent with the hypothesis that standardized formats weaken design congruence with regional revitalization goals. The paper discusses implications for KPI rebalancing, differentiated city-type models, and ordinance-based design guidance aimed at enhancing cultural policy coherence in decentralized governance contexts.

Presenters

Hanbyul Kim
Student, Ph.D. Program, Hongik University Graduate School, Seoul Teugbyeolsi [Seoul-T'ukpyolshi], South Korea

Details

Presentation Type

Paper Presentation in a Themed Session

Theme

The Arts in Social, Political, and Community Life

KEYWORDS

Cultural Policy, Biennales, Institutional Isomorphism, Policy Congruence, Eventization, Regional Revitalization