Abstract
This study assesses how Japan’s integrated climate strategies can inform the Philippines in enhancing its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and developing a more realistic, equitable, and implementable framework for climate ambition. By going beyond numerical targets to examine governance, financing, and institutional practices, the study further aims to recommend policy measures that embed climate resilience and low-carbon development into the country’s long-term planning and implementation systems. Despite being a relatively minor contributor to global emissions, the economic toll of climate change on the Philippines is substantial. In 2021, the Philippines submitted its first Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Under the business-as-usual scenario, the Philippines has committed to a projected greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction and avoidance of 75% for 2020 to 2030. The commitment reflects both unconditional and conditional targets of 2.71% and 72.29%, respectively, for agriculture; waste; industries and industrial processes; transportation; and energy sectors. As a negotiating tool to access means of implementation and support (MOIs), which may include climate finance, capacity building, and technology development and transfer, the NDC of the Philippines is considered an investment strategy to further strengthen international cooperation in delivering climate finance and accelerating climate investments to achieve global and national climate action goals. The comparative analysis of Japan’s climate policies can therefore provide lessons on how the Philippines can strengthen not only its NDC but also its broader climate governance framework.
Details
Presentation Type
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session
Theme
Technical, Political, and Social Responses
KEYWORDS
Climate Action, Climate Governance, Paris Agreement
