Medical Needs
Asynchronous Session
Enhancing Cognitive Functioning in Dementia through Art Therapy: A Randomized Trial Based on the Expressive Therapies Continuum Framework View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Heesu Jeon
This study (RCT) investigated the impact of Expressive Therapies Continuum (ETC)-based art therapy interventions for older adults with dementia living in a complex care home setting. Over four months, participants underwent 10 art therapy sessions, while an active control group engaged in 10 standard art sessions. Assessments were conducted pre- and post-intervention using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and the Older People's Quality of Life (OPQOL-Brief) questionnaires. Results indicated that participants exhibited similar visual expression elements, media preferences, and ETC-based intervention entry levels. Notably, the experimental group experienced significant increases in OPQOL-Brief scores, and MMSE-Language scores significantly increased in the experimental group while decreasing in the control group. These findings support previous research, demonstrating that art therapy can enhance cognitive function and quality of life in older adults with dementia. Additionally, the study provides new insights into expressive and stylistic elements, ETC entry-level, and media preferences in art-making for this population.
A Case Study of Assessment of Strain in the Fingers of an Elderly Person in Opening Child-safe Pill Jars: Implications for Ergonomic and User-Centered Packaging Design View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Reenu Singh
Opening child-resistant pill jars presents significant challenges for elderly individuals due to diminished hand strength, dexterity limitations, and conditions such as arthritis. This study examines the physical strain associated with opening such containers by analyzing grip force, pinch force, and torque requirements using hand dynamometers, pinch gauges, and torque meters. Prior research highlights the role of grip and pinch strength in opening containers, though effectiveness varies based on design. Studies also indicate gender differences in hand strength and the impact of wrist fractures on torque generation, further complicating accessibility. Observational analysis reveals that standard threaded caps are easier to open than child-resistant lids, yet the difficulty of opening these caps can lead to frustration and, in some cases, medication neglect. Additionally, the study identifies specific finger regions under strain during the opening process. A user-centered design approach was employed to develop mock-up models aimed at improving form and ease of operation. These findings underscore the need for accessible packaging solutions that balance safety with usability, ensuring elderly individuals can access their medications without excessive physical effort.
