Abstract

This research examines food policy through two cases of food security programs in Indonesia: food estate and agricultural intensification. The problem is that both programs are not based on empirical studies and correct public policymaking rules. The purpose of the study was to determine the appropriateness of the program in the scheme of collaboration theory. The research approach used is descriptive–qualitative with a longitudinal method. This method was used because the two programs were implemented at different times for food security purposes. The results of the study show that cooperation between the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia and the Indonesian National Army in the agricultural intensification program has increased farmers' production, but this program has only been implemented in West Java Province. Similarly, the food security program as a strategic policy of the Indonesian government has failed due to limited resource capacity, incorrect food commodity choices, and a lack of socio-economic impact analysis, resulting in ecological damage and economic losses. The main factors causing the failure of these two programs are that they were developed without involving universities, entrepreneurs in the agricultural industry, and the wider community. State actors have neglected their role as a source of knowledge that could strengthen policy.