Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is increasingly prevalent, posing unique challenges for law enforcement officers (LEOs) in interactions with individuals with ASD. A lack of adequate training has been identified as a significant factor contributing to these challenges. This pilot study investigates knowledge disparities regarding ASD between LEOs at a city in southern United States and the general public, with implications for safety and effective policing practices. Methods: A survey was administered to 385 LEOs and 858 general public participants. The survey assessed ASD knowledge across six domains: information sources, causes, age of diagnosis, primary treatment providers, diagnostic traits, and treatment methods. Results: Significant differences in ASD knowledge were observed between the two groups. The LEOs demonstrated lower confidence levels in their understanding of ASD, with 71% reporting “neutral to very unconfident” ratings compared to 40% in the general population. In addition, 25% of the LEOs held incorrect beliefs linking vaccinations to ASD, revealing a gap in accurate information. The LEOs were also less likely to identify key diagnostic traits of ASD compared to the general public. Conclusion: This study underscores critical disparities in ASD knowledge between LEOs and the general public, emphasizing the urgent need for standardized, evidence-based training programs for LEOs. Such initiatives aim to improve interactions between law enforcement and individuals with ASD, ultimately enhancing safety and community relations.