Abstract

This study examines the Indonesian novels Mata and Secrets of Gapi Island by Okky Madasari (2018), At the foot of Cibalak Hill by Ahmad Tohari, and Fire Smoke Cloud by Korrie Layun Rampan through the lens of eco-colonial theory to explore the intersection between ecological degradation, colonial legacy, and indigenous resistance. Using interpretative qualitative methods, this study utilizes close reading and textual analysis to uncover ecological and cultural narratives in the selected works. The study incorporates an interdisciplinary framework, combining insights from postcolonial ecocriticism as well as indigenous epistemology to provide a nuanced understanding of the texts. The analysis identifies four core findings: first, the texts critique colonial and neocolonial environmental exploitation, exposing mechanisms of ecological and social marginalization. Second, indigenous cosmologies emerge as vital counter-narratives, emphasizing the cultural and ecological sovereignty of local communities. Third, these narratives highlight the gendered dimensions of environmental displacement, showcasing the multiple vulnerabilities faced by marginalized groups. Fourth, a relational environmental ethic invites coexistence in mutual respect. This study contributes to the broader field of postcolonial ecocriticism by expanding its scope to include the interplay of ecological advocacy, cultural resistance, and gendered experiences of environmental challenges. It reaffirms the potential of postcolonial literature to inform conservation practice and raise awareness in addressing the ongoing ecological and social impacts of colonial and neocolonial practices.