Abstract

General hygiene is a vital component of everyone’s lives. When it comes to hygiene, society does a poor job in maintaining public spaces that require hygienic environments on a daily basis, and restrooms in India are one such example of this. Public restrooms in India are poorly designed, unsanitary, and unsafe, especially for women who work outside. The functional and spatial requirements of restrooms for women employed in street selling, sanitation, and construction are examined in this research. Through primary research, including site analysis and user surveys, the article identifies serious shortcomings in the present infrastructure. The main objective of this research is to develop a multifunctional spatial design solution for such women who work in outdoor occupations for most of the day, providing them with a place to rest or take shelter from the weather or pollutants from the streets, typically a semi-open courtyard and a space to use the lavatory at the same time, enabling them to feel much safer and improving the conditions of restrooms on the whole. Nirama is a cutting-edge design concept that creates a hygienic and secure atmosphere by fusing rest places with sanitation. In order to enhance functionality while maintaining cultural sensitivity, the research places a strong emphasis on material choices, ergonomics, and accessibility. The final design offers a sustainable, approachable form that may be applied in urban residential settings. Additionally, an implementation plan is included in the article, which examines potential partnerships with NGOs and municipal corporations for developing this restroom design with a possible scope for development in other countries as well.