Portfolio assessment is an alternative approach that moves away from traditional tests like multiple-choice (select response) or short-answer/essay exams (supply response). Instead, it involves compiling a purposeful collection of a student's work over time to demonstrate their learning, progress, skills, and achievements in one or more areas.

The primary goal is often to showcase growth, provide a holistic view of learning, promote reflection, and offer a more authentic measure of student capabilities compared to traditional tests. It allows students to demonstrate what they can do, often integrating different skills and knowledge.