Peer-to-peer Learning: Creates A Positive Classroom Atmosphere

12082025GBUI4113

Peer-to-peer learning in education is so important since it enhances various aspects of student development, such as improving social and emotional skills. At the same time, students are able to enjoy their classmates' company while learning, which makes the educational experience more enjoyable and engaging. As a kindergarten teacher, this is one of the concepts I actively implement in my classroom. I can confidently say that it is effective because it significantly enhances my students' leadership skills and socialization abilities. When they work together, they learn from each other, and they are motivated to imitate what they see from their group mates, which fosters a collaborative learning environment.

Activities that promote peer-to-peer learning also teach students how to be kind and considerate toward others. They learn the importance of patience as they wait for their turn to speak or share their ideas. Additionally, they develop sharing skills, which are crucial for building friendships and working in teams. This collaborative approach not only helps them academically but also nurtures their interpersonal skills, making them more well-rounded individuals.

Moreover, peer-to-peer learning encourages students to express their thoughts and feelings in a safe environment, which boosts their confidence. They feel more comfortable participating in discussions and asking questions when they see their peers doing the same. This is why I believe that peer-to-peer learning is one of the most effective ways to help students learn. It creates a positive classroom atmosphere where everyone feels valued and included. Overall, incorporating peer-to-peer learning in education is essential for developing not just academic skills, but also important life skills that will benefit students in their future endeavors.

Reference:

https://stepschools.com/how-peer-to-peer-learning-helps-students-to-grow/

• Phoebe Serrano

Peer-to-peer Learning: Creates A Positive Classroom Atmosphere

12082025GBUI4113

Peer-to-peer learning in education is so important since it enhances various aspects of student development, such as improving social and emotional skills. At the same time, students are able to enjoy their classmates' company while learning, which makes the educational experience more enjoyable and engaging. As a kindergarten teacher, this is one of the concepts I actively implement in my classroom. I can confidently say that it is effective because it significantly enhances my students' leadership skills and socialization abilities. When they work together, they learn from each other, and they are motivated to imitate what they see from their group mates, which fosters a collaborative learning environment.

Activities that promote peer-to-peer learning also teach students how to be kind and considerate toward others. They learn the importance of patience as they wait for their turn to speak or share their ideas. Additionally, they develop sharing skills, which are crucial for building friendships and working in teams. This collaborative approach not only helps them academically but also nurtures their interpersonal skills, making them more well-rounded individuals.

Moreover, peer-to-peer learning encourages students to express their thoughts and feelings in a safe environment, which boosts their confidence. They feel more comfortable participating in discussions and asking questions when they see their peers doing the same. This is why I believe that peer-to-peer learning is one of the most effective ways to help students learn. It creates a positive classroom atmosphere where everyone feels valued and included. Overall, incorporating peer-to-peer learning in education is essential for developing not just academic skills, but also important life skills that will benefit students in their future endeavors.

Reference:

https://stepschools.com/how-peer-to-peer-learning-helps-students-to-grow/

• Phoebe Serrano

Peer-to-peer Learning: Creates A Positive Classroom Atmosphere

12082025GBUI4113

Peer-to-peer learning in education is so important since it enhances various aspects of student development, such as improving social and emotional skills. At the same time, students are able to enjoy their classmates' company while learning, which makes the educational experience more enjoyable and engaging. As a kindergarten teacher, this is one of the concepts I actively implement in my classroom. I can confidently say that it is effective because it significantly enhances my students' leadership skills and socialization abilities. When they work together, they learn from each other, and they are motivated to imitate what they see from their group mates, which fosters a collaborative learning environment.

Activities that promote peer-to-peer learning also teach students how to be kind and considerate toward others. They learn the importance of patience as they wait for their turn to speak or share their ideas. Additionally, they develop sharing skills, which are crucial for building friendships and working in teams. This collaborative approach not only helps them academically but also nurtures their interpersonal skills, making them more well-rounded individuals.

Moreover, peer-to-peer learning encourages students to express their thoughts and feelings in a safe environment, which boosts their confidence. They feel more comfortable participating in discussions and asking questions when they see their peers doing the same. This is why I believe that peer-to-peer learning is one of the most effective ways to help students learn. It creates a positive classroom atmosphere where everyone feels valued and included. Overall, incorporating peer-to-peer learning in education is essential for developing not just academic skills, but also important life skills that will benefit students in their future endeavors.

Reference:

https://stepschools.com/how-peer-to-peer-learning-helps-students-to-grow/

• Phoebe Serrano

Peer-to-peer Learning: Creates A Positive Classroom Atmosphere

12082025GBUI4113

Peer-to-peer learning in education is so important since it enhances various aspects of student development, such as improving social and emotional skills. At the same time, students are able to enjoy their classmates' company while learning, which makes the educational experience more enjoyable and engaging. As a kindergarten teacher, this is one of the concepts I actively implement in my classroom. I can confidently say that it is effective because it significantly enhances my students' leadership skills and socialization abilities. When they work together, they learn from each other, and they are motivated to imitate what they see from their group mates, which fosters a collaborative learning environment.

Activities that promote peer-to-peer learning also teach students how to be kind and considerate toward others. They learn the importance of patience as they wait for their turn to speak or share their ideas. Additionally, they develop sharing skills, which are crucial for building friendships and working in teams. This collaborative approach not only helps them academically but also nurtures their interpersonal skills, making them more well-rounded individuals.

Moreover, peer-to-peer learning encourages students to express their thoughts and feelings in a safe environment, which boosts their confidence. They feel more comfortable participating in discussions and asking questions when they see their peers doing the same. This is why I believe that peer-to-peer learning is one of the most effective ways to help students learn. It creates a positive classroom atmosphere where everyone feels valued and included. Overall, incorporating peer-to-peer learning in education is essential for developing not just academic skills, but also important life skills that will benefit students in their future endeavors.

Reference:

https://stepschools.com/how-peer-to-peer-learning-helps-students-to-grow/

• Phoebe Serrano

Peer-to-peer Learning: Creates A Positive Classroom Atmosphere

12082025GBUI4113

Peer-to-peer learning in education is so important since it enhances various aspects of student development, such as improving social and emotional skills. At the same time, students are able to enjoy their classmates' company while learning, which makes the educational experience more enjoyable and engaging. As a kindergarten teacher, this is one of the concepts I actively implement in my classroom. I can confidently say that it is effective because it significantly enhances my students' leadership skills and socialization abilities. When they work together, they learn from each other, and they are motivated to imitate what they see from their group mates, which fosters a collaborative learning environment.

Activities that promote peer-to-peer learning also teach students how to be kind and considerate toward others. They learn the importance of patience as they wait for their turn to speak or share their ideas. Additionally, they develop sharing skills, which are crucial for building friendships and working in teams. This collaborative approach not only helps them academically but also nurtures their interpersonal skills, making them more well-rounded individuals.

Moreover, peer-to-peer learning encourages students to express their thoughts and feelings in a safe environment, which boosts their confidence. They feel more comfortable participating in discussions and asking questions when they see their peers doing the same. This is why I believe that peer-to-peer learning is one of the most effective ways to help students learn. It creates a positive classroom atmosphere where everyone feels valued and included. Overall, incorporating peer-to-peer learning in education is essential for developing not just academic skills, but also important life skills that will benefit students in their future endeavors.

Reference:

https://stepschools.com/how-peer-to-peer-learning-helps-students-to-grow/

• Phoebe Serrano

Peer-to-peer Learning: Creates A Positive Classroom Atmosphere

12082025GBUI4113

Peer-to-peer learning in education is so important since it enhances various aspects of student development, such as improving social and emotional skills. At the same time, students are able to enjoy their classmates' company while learning, which makes the educational experience more enjoyable and engaging. As a kindergarten teacher, this is one of the concepts I actively implement in my classroom. I can confidently say that it is effective because it significantly enhances my students' leadership skills and socialization abilities. When they work together, they learn from each other, and they are motivated to imitate what they see from their group mates, which fosters a collaborative learning environment.

Activities that promote peer-to-peer learning also teach students how to be kind and considerate toward others. They learn the importance of patience as they wait for their turn to speak or share their ideas. Additionally, they develop sharing skills, which are crucial for building friendships and working in teams. This collaborative approach not only helps them academically but also nurtures their interpersonal skills, making them more well-rounded individuals.

Moreover, peer-to-peer learning encourages students to express their thoughts and feelings in a safe environment, which boosts their confidence. They feel more comfortable participating in discussions and asking questions when they see their peers doing the same. This is why I believe that peer-to-peer learning is one of the most effective ways to help students learn. It creates a positive classroom atmosphere where everyone feels valued and included. Overall, incorporating peer-to-peer learning in education is essential for developing not just academic skills, but also important life skills that will benefit students in their future endeavors.

Reference:

https://stepschools.com/how-peer-to-peer-learning-helps-students-to-grow/

• Phoebe Serrano

Distributed Intelligence as a Collaborative Intelligence Framework in e-Learning

In the context of collaborative intelligence, distributed intelligence offers a powerful lens for understanding how learning can be shared, extended, and amplified across people, tools, and environments. Coined by Roy Pea (1993), the concept proposes that intelligence is not located in the mind of an individual alone, but distributed across social groups, cultural tools, digital platforms, and networked resources. In digital learning ecologies, this means that understanding emerges through interactions among learners, technologies, artifacts, and the learning environment itself.

Distributed intelligence becomes especially visible in online learning settings where students rely on multiple sources of knowledge—discussion forums, collaborative documents, multimedia explanations, peer feedback, and AI-supported systems. Rather than learning in isolation, learners participate in a shared intellectual ecosystem where knowledge is co-constructed and enhanced through collective effort.

A clear example of distributed intelligence in practice is found in Wikipedia, one of the most successful demonstrations of large-scale collaborative knowledge creation. Thousands of contributors add, revise, and verify content, using communal norms and version-control tools to maintain accuracy. The intelligence of the platform is not in one expert, but in the distributed network of contributors and digital scaffolds that support them. This model has inspired many educational practices, such as wiki-based classroom projects, where students collaboratively draft, edit, and refine explanations of course concepts. Activities like these teach learners to negotiate meaning, evaluate information critically, and contribute to a collective knowledge base.

Another example is the use of Google Docs for collaborative writing, where comments, suggestions, citations, and structural decisions emerge from multiple contributors. Each learner’s contribution—whether a rewrite, a highlighted claim, or a shared source—adds to the distributed cognitive process. This supports metacognition, peer-to-peer learning, and recursive revision, key principles emphasized in the e-Learning Ecologies course.

Distributed intelligence highlights the idea that knowledge today is networked, participatory, and socially mediated. As learners interact with tools, peers, and shared digital spaces, they create a dynamic environment where learning becomes more powerful than what any individual could achieve alone. By designing learning experiences that intentionally distribute thinking across people and tools, educators can foster deeper understanding, creativity, and collective problem-solving.

References
Pea, R. (1993). Practices of distributed intelligence and designs for education.
Wikipedia – Collaborative knowledge platform: https://www.wikipedia.org

Google Docs – Collaboration tool: https://www.google.com/docs/about

• Ghizlane Rahmani

Collaborative Intelligence in Performance-Based Learning

Collaborative intelligence is the idea that groups can think, solve problems, and create knowledge more effectively when individuals share their strengths and perspectives. I realized that collaborative intelligence is not just about working in groups. It is about building a learning environment where people contribute meaningfully, support one another, and create a richer understanding together. In a world where knowledge changes fast, this kind of shared thinking becomes a powerful tool for learning. 

As the performance-based assessments create situations where students can truly collaborate. Unlike traditional tests that only check what someone memorized, these tasks allow students to mix their ideas, solve problems as a team, and apply what they know in practical ways. This naturally builds patience, communication, and the ability to work with different personalities. As a future educator, I think of simple group tasks where everyone brings something different. Someone might be good at researching, another at explaining ideas clearly, and another at designing or presenting. When these strengths come together, the final output becomes more complete and thoughtful. Working with others is not always easy. There can be misunderstandings or moments when work feels uneven. But these situations teach us how to handle teamwork better, adjust to one another, and stay open to different perspectives.

It reminds us that learning is not meant to happen alone. When people share what they know and support each other, they understand the lesson more deeply and develop skills that last beyond the classroom. It encourages students to see teamwork not as a requirement but as something that helps them grow and become more confident learners.

Reference:
Cope, B., and Kalantzis, M. (2016, January 19). e-Learning Affordance 5D: Collaborative intelligence – Success and failure in performance-based assessments [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/lzcGfQuLMBY 

• Maria Alexis Olivar

Prem Mali

Concept: Communities of Practice (CoP)
Communities of Practice are groups of people who share a common interest or professional area. They learn from each other through ongoing interaction, reflection, and collaboration. Etienne Wenger and Jean Lave introduced the term in 1991. They highlighted that learning is a social process based on participation, dialogue, and shared experience, not just individual memorization.

In digital learning, educational technologies play an important role in enabling and maintaining CoPs. Platforms like Microsoft Teams, Slack, Canvas, and Moodle forums allow students, educators, and professionals to share insights, solve problems together, and create knowledge resources.

For instance, in STEM education, online communities like Kaggle encourage collaboration among data scientists. They share code, discuss model performance, and improve machine learning projects together. Similarly, GitHub serves as a community of practice for programmers. Shared repositories, peer reviews, and open discussions promote growth for both individuals and the group.

By using these tools, CoPs transform isolated learners into collaborative knowledge creators. This method not only supports learning outcomes but also builds shared intelligence. Collective insights and social interactions boost creativity, problem-solving, and innovation.

Reference:
Wenger, E. (1998). Communities of Practice: Learning, Meaning, and Identity. Cambridge University Press.

• Prem Mali

The concept of Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) is a revolutionary approach to assessment that customizes the test experience in real-time to match the individual ability level of the test taker.

Here are the core components and concepts:

1. Tailored Assessment
* The Basic Idea: Unlike traditional fixed-form tests where everyone answers the same set of questions, CAT uses a computer algorithm to select and administer test items (questions) that are individually matched to the test-taker's current estimated ability. It's often called tailored testing.
* How it Works: The test usually begins with an item of moderate difficulty.
* If the test-taker answers correctly, the next item selected will be more difficult.
* If the test-taker answers incorrectly, the next item selected will be easier.
* This continuous process of evaluation and item selection allows the test to quickly converge on the examinee's true ability level.

2. Efficiency and Precision
* Fewer Items: By constantly adjusting difficulty, CAT avoids wasting the test-taker's time on questions that are either trivially easy or frustratingly difficult. This allows it to achieve the same or higher level of measurement precision with significantly fewer items (sometimes 50% fewer) than a traditional test.
* Time Saving: Fewer items translate directly to a shorter test duration.
* Increased Precision: The items administered are the most informative—those that are a good match for the test-taker's estimated ability—leading to a more accurate and reliable score.

3. Key Technical Foundations
* Item Bank: A large pool of pre-calibrated test questions, each with established difficulty and discrimination parameters.
* Item Response Theory (IRT): The statistical framework essential for CAT. IRT allows the algorithm to:
* Estimate the test-taker's ability level after each response.
* Select the most optimal item from the bank (the one that provides the maximum information for the current ability estimate) to administer next. The ideal item is often one the test-taker is estimated to have a 50% chance of answering correctly.
* Termination Criteria: The algorithm continues adapting until a pre-determined condition is met, such as:
* A minimum number of items have been administered.
* The estimate of the test-taker's ability has reached a high level of precision (i.e., the standard error of measurement is sufficiently small).

4. Benefits
* Motivation: The test-taker is consistently challenged at an appropriate level, which can make the experience more engaging and less frustrating.
* Security: Because each test-taker receives a different set of items, the chances of item exposure and cheating are dramatically reduced.
* Personalization: The assessment experience is entirely individualized, providing a unique measure of each person's standing on the ability scale.
* Immediate Results: Scoring can often be computed instantly upon test completion.

To summarise that, CAT is an adaptive, data-driven assessment method that uses an algorithm and an item bank, grounded in Item Response Theory, to personalize the difficulty of the test in real-time. Its primary goal is to maximize the accuracy of the ability estimate while minimizing the number of questions administered.

• Maria Janine Herrera