Constructivism views learning as an active process where learners build new knowledge based on their experiences and prior understanding. It emphasizes that learners construct meaning rather than passively receive information. This approach highlights the importance of engaging learners in problem-solving and critical thinking.

One key concept is scaffolding, where support is given to learners to help them reach higher levels of understanding gradually. This support is gradually removed as learners become more independent.

For example, a teacher might guide a student through a math problem by asking guiding questions and offering hints until the student can solve similar problems on their own.

This concept is insightful because it recognizes that learning is personalized and builds on what learners already know. However, a limitation is that constructivism can sometimes focus too much on the individual mind and overlook the social and cultural influences on learning.