One concept of behavioral learning is throught conditioning. Conditioning is the process of learning by taking unconditioned and conditioned reflex and responding to a stimulus. Ivan Pavlov discovered the concept of conditioning using his dog's natural instict is to salivate over something such as food, and the food would be what triggers the response. Adding a buzzer present everytime the food was given to the dog made the dog salivate even more, this recognized as the conditioned response. Both animals and humans are subject to conditioning, a teacher may give out candy to students as reward for answering a few questions right. Seeing a bowl of candy the next day may trigger a conditioned response of excitement that they might win a piece of candy.

Pavlov’s Dog - New Learning Online